Integrated Ocean Observing System, Silver Spring, MD, United States 24Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), Moss Landing, CA, United States.23CASPO, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.22Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.21Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom.20Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University, Paris, France.19Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway.18Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.17 Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) Animal Tracking Facility, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia.16Wildlife Computers, Redmond, WA, United States.15Hawai’i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States.14CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Hobart, TAS, Australia.13Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, Paris, France.12Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia.11Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé-UMR 7372, CNRS-La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois, France.10Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.8Scottish Oceans Institute, St Andrews, United Kingdom.7Sea Mammal Research Unit (SMRU) Instrumentation, Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.6Australian Antarctic Program Partnership, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.5Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.2Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

1IMOS Animal Tagging, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia.Tsontos 35, Victor Turpin 4, Esmee van Wijk 6,14, Danny Vo 16, Mia Wege 36, Frederick Gilbert Whoriskey 30, Kenady Wilson 16 and Bill Woodward 25

Muelbert 26, Kevin O’Brien 27,28, Lachlan Phillips 12, Esther Portela 6,29, Jonathan Pye 30, Stephen Rintoul 14,31, Katsufumi Sato 32, Ana M. Kovacs 19, Sara Labrousse 20, Philip Lovell 7, Christian Lydersen 19, David March 21,22, Matthew Mazloff 23, Megan K. Jaine 12,17, Tiphaine Jeanniard du Dot 11, Ian Jonsen 12, Theresa R. Hindell 5,6, Xavier Hoenner 14, Kim Holland 15, Mellinda Holland 16, Fabrice R. Fedak 7, Christophe Guinet 11, Robert Harcourt 12, Emma Heslop 13, Mark A. McMahon 1*, Fabien Roquet 2, Sophie Baudel 3, Mathieu Belbeoch 4, Sophie Bestley 5,6, Clint Blight 7, Lars Boehme 8, Fiona Carse 9, Daniel P. Management strategies focused on an effective waste management, control of berry picking, strict regulations about human activities in specific areas during sensitive periods in the feeding ecology of bears, and the lack of artificial food provisioning are crucial to ensure the seed dispersal processes and associated ecosystem services that bears and other frugivores provide.Clive R. The large consumption of fleshy-fruited plants, and particularly of berries, suggests that, despite high levels of human disturbance in the area, brown bears still play a key role as seed dispersers. Two berry species, Vaccinium myrtillus and Rubus idaeus, were the most frequently detected (in 42% and 20% of faeces, respectively). Fleshy-fruited plants were present in 56% of faeces and during the entire activity period of bears, revealing that fruits play a pivotal role in the feeding ecology of Tatra brown bears. Graminoids represented the main food during spring, while fleshy-fruited plants became more important from mid-summer. Brown bears' diet showed a marked seasonality, a characteristic feature of brown bear populations relying on natural foods. We assessed the diet of brown bears ( Ursus arctos) by DNA metabarcoding in Tatra National Park (southern Poland), a highly touristic protected area. These studies are particularly relevant in areas where human disturbance is intense and, thus, species dietary patterns might change due to the easy accessibility of food resources of human origin, which may hinder the ecosystem services these species provide. Diet studies are essential to understand animal ecology and ecosystem dynamics, especially in the case of large omnivores.

Marta animal de alaska